Each and all IEML USL (Uniform Semantic Locators) are built from the words of the language.
Phrases are USLs constructed from words using sentence structure.
- An IEML phrase is an organization of words according to the same grammatical roles as a classical sentence: verb, subject, object, complements, etc. IEML sphrases are recursive: their roles can be filled by sub-phrases.
- The roles in a (recursive) phrase are filled by words or phrases with inflections.

General schema of a phrase
A phrase has nine roles: a root and eight distinct leaf roles. The leaf roles may be empty or may contain only role’s auxiliaries. One of the nine roles has a semantic accent represented by an exclamation mark. The phrase is recursive: the eight leaf roles may contain any phrase.
In terms of building a network of relationships:
- Each of the eight roles can be compared to a main branch, the role’s auxiliaries to small branches that subdivide a main branch, and the categories (words, phrases) to leaves.
- The meaning of a role can be clarified by a role’s auxiliary chosen from the paradigms of auxiliaries specialized in that role.
- The same role can give way to as many semantic branches as there are distinct auxiliaries.
- A role + auxiliary branching can lead to a leaf (a sub-phrase or word) or to a palm whose leaves are linked by a junction.
- The root-leaf relations of the same phrase make a whole.
Details of the nine roles and their specialized auxiliaries

- The root is the governing role of a phrase. There are verbal, nominal, adjectival or adverbial phrases depending on the grammatical class of its root.
Therefore, the root of a phrase can be:- a verb, representing a process, a state or an existence,
- a noun, representing an actant, entity, substance or essence,
- an adjective, representing the quality of an actant,
- an adverb, representing the quality of a process,
The root must include a tool-word that specifies one of the four grammatical classes of E:O:.O:.
When the root is not a verb, the leaf roles are distributed by interpreting the nouns, adjectives or adverbs placed in the root as processes reified into actants or qualities.
The root has no role’s auxiliary.
- The initiator is the subject of a process. It answers the question « who ? ». It can also define the starting point, the initial conditions, the first motor or the first cause of the concept evoked in a phrase.
The initiator does not have any role’s auxiliary. - The inter-actant corresponds to the object in classical grammar. It answers the question « what ? ». It also plays the role of medium in the relationship between the initiator and the recipient.
The inter-actant does not have any role’s auxiliary. - The recipient is the beneficiary (or victim) of a process. It answers the questions « for whom, to whom, and against whom ? ».
The recipient does not have any role’s auxiliary. - The cause (broadly defined) answers the question « why ? ». It specifies the logical, material and formal determinations. It describes the actors that have not been specified by the initiator, the inter-actant or the recipient: media, instruments, effects, consequences. It may also specify methods, rules, laws, reasons, points of view, conditions and contracts.
A root-cause relationship is specified by an auxiliary of the following paradigm.- E:M:.d.+M:O:.- (causes, determinations)
- Time answers the question « when ? ». It indicates a moment in the past, present, or future that gives clues as to anteriority, posteriority, duration, date, frequency.
A root-time relationship is specified by an auxiliary chosen among the following paradigms:- E:S:+B:M:. distribution in time / frequency
- E:M:.-O:.-t.o.-‘ past, present, future (relative or absolute)
- E:.O:O:.O:.-t.o.-‘ before, after, until, at the moment, during…
- Place answers the question « where ? ». It indicates location, spatial distribution, the pace of a movement, paths, roads, spatial relationships and metaphors.
A root-place relationship is specified by an auxiliary chosen among the following paradigms:- E:T:M:. nowhere, everywhere, somewhere
- E:.-O:.M:M:.-l.-‘ places and movements with an axial orientation (vertical/horizontal).
- E:.-M:.M:M:.-l.-‘ places and movements according to a path orientation.
- Intention answers the question of purpose, goal, motivation: « for what ? », « to what end? ». It concerns mental orientation, direction of action, pragmatic context, emotion or feeling. It also specifies the practical relations between the root category and the categories in intention.
A root-intention relationship is specified by an auxiliary chosen from the two following paradigms:- E:.-‘h.o.d.-U:.-‘M:O:.-‘, intentional auxiliaries: purpose, reference, motivation, etc.
- E:.-b.O:M:.-‘E:.-b.O:M:.-‘, pragmatic auxiliaries: relations between games, rules, roles, players, matches and moves in symbolic games.
- Manner answers the questions « how ? » and « how much ? ». It situates the root on a range of qualities or on a scale of values. It specifies quantities, gradients, measurements and sizes. It also indicates properties, genres and styles.
A root-manner relationship is specified by an auxiliary chosen from the following paradigms:- E:O:M:. quantity / quality comparison
- E:.A:.O:M:.- six possessive auxiliaries
- E:.O:.M:O:.- without, with, pro, anti, etc.
- E:U:S:+T:.-M:M:.o.-‘ Ennead modes.

Example of a phrase including junctions
BIRTH | ||||
role | auxiliary | junction | inflection | sub-category |
root / noun ! | singular | birth | ||
E:wo.- | we.wo.t.- | |||
initiator | human being | |||
n.o.-n.o.-‘ | ||||
cause | agent | and | father | |
E:B:.x.- | E:S:.-k.u.-‘ | n.a.-m.a.-f.o.-‘ | ||
mother | ||||
f.a.-m.a.-f.o.-‘ | ||||
time | at the date | date | ||
E:.wu.U:.-t.o.-‘ | t.o.-n.o.-s.u.-‘ | |||
place | at | whole -> part | country | |
E:.-B:.n.-l.-‘ | E:.-S:.m.-l.-‘wo.-‘k.u.-‘, | k.a.-k.a.- | ||
city | ||||
t.i.-l.i.-‘ |